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41.
利用2016年8月份莱州湾沉积物中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As、Cr、Zn监测数据,分别利用单因子污染指数法、潜在生态风险指数法、地积累指数法、沉积物质量基准法、尼梅罗综合指数法、污染负荷指数法等6种沉积物重金属风险评价方法进行评价,以比较沉积物重金属生态风险评估方法的适用性与局限性。结果表明,莱州湾表层沉积物中,重金属Hg、Cd、Pb、Cu、As、Cr和Zn含量分别为0.077 4 mg/kg、0.169 mg/kg、12.1 mg/kg、11.9 mg/kg、11.6 mg/kg、31.1 mg/kg、45.3 mg/kg。不同方法在莱州湾沉积物风险评价结果上存在差异。单因素评价方法中,单因子污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法、尼梅罗综合指数法的评价结果适中,地累积指数法评价结果偏轻,沉积物质量基准法评价结果偏重。Hg、As、Cd元素的污染评价结果均较大,为主要的污染元素;综合因素评价方法中,污染负荷指数法评价结果风险偏轻,潜在生态危害指数法评价结果适中,内梅罗综合指数法评价结果则倾向偏重。沉积物重金属含量与底栖生物的丰度、生物量的pearson相关系数表明,Hg与底栖生物的生物量呈现显著负相关。6种方法都有自身优缺点和适用范围,但潜在生态危害指数法更适合莱州湾沉积物重金属风险评价。 相似文献
42.
Shan Huang Ankit Garg Guoxiong Mei Disheng Huang Rahul Balaji Chandra Shaji Gayathri Sadasiv 《水文研究》2020,34(23):4512-4525
Biochar has the potential to be a soil amendment in green roofs owing to its water retention, nutrient supply, and carbon sequestration application. The combined effects of biochar and vegetated soil on hydraulic performance (e.g., saturated hydraulic conductivity, retention and detention, and runoff delay) are the crucial factor for the application of the novel biochar in green roofs. Recent studies investigated soil water potential (i.e., suction) either on vegetated soil or on biochar-amended soil but rarely focused on their integrated application. With the purpose of investigating the hydraulic performance of green roofs in the application of biochar, the combined effect of biochar and vegetated soil on hydrological processes was explored. Artificial rainfall experiments were conducted on the four types of experimental soil columns, including natural soil, biochar-amended soil, vegetated natural soil, and vegetated biochar-amended soil. The surface ponding, bottom drainage and the volumetric water content were measured during the rainfall test. Simulation method by using HYDRUS-1D was adopted for estimating hydraulic parameters and developing modelling analysis. The results indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of vegetated soil columns were higher than bare soil columns. The addition of biochar decreased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the magnitude of decrease was much significant in the case of vegetated soil. The influence of vegetation on permeability is more prominent than biochar. The vegetated biochar-amended soil has the highest retention and detention capacity, and shows a preferable runoff delay effect under heavy rain among the four soil columns. The results from the present study help to understand the hydrological processes in the green roof in the application of biochar, and imply that biochar can be an alternative soil amendment to improve the hydraulic performance. 相似文献
43.
松辽盆地上白垩统青山口组一段富有机质泥页岩岩发育,层系内部滞留烃富集,具有可观的页岩油资源潜力。沉积古环境控制了泥页岩的分布、有机质发育特征及滞留烃富集程度。因此,恢复青一段泥页岩沉积古环境,明确沉积特征,对揭示青一段泥页岩中页岩油富集规律具有重要意义。本文基于长岭凹陷乾安地区青一段取心井——吉页油1井的岩心观察及测井曲线组合特征,划分了青一段泥页岩沉积微相,应用自然伽马能谱测井、岩性扫描测井数据,选取环境评价参数,对青一段沉积古环境及其演化过程进行了恢复,分析了古环境参数与泥页岩中滞留烃含量的相关性。结果表明:松辽盆地长岭凹陷乾安地区青一段泥页岩是在三角洲外前缘-浅湖-半深湖-深湖沉积体系中形成的,主要发育半深湖-深湖泥、浅湖泥沉积微相。青一段泥页岩沉积古环境经历了水深由浅变深,气候由半潮湿到潮湿,水体由淡水-微咸水,还原性由弱到强,水动力条件由中等到弱的演化,在青一段地层中存在明显的沉积环境变化界面,上下层段沉积环境不同。青一段泥页岩中滞留烃含量主要受沉积古气候、古氧化还原条件控制,潮湿气候还原条件下形成的泥页岩有机质类型好,以腐泥质为主,生油能力强,滞留烃含量高。 相似文献
44.
The response of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean(ETIO) to heat fluxes of equal amplitude but opposite sign is investigated using the Community Earth System Model(CESM). A significant positive asymmetry in sea surface temperature(SST) is found over the ETIO—the warming responses to the positive forcing exceeds the cooling to the negative forcing. A mixed layer heat budget analysis is carried out to identify the mechanisms responsible for the SST asymmetry. Results show that it is mainly ascribed to the ocean dynamical processes, including vertical advections and diffusion. The net surface heat flux, on the contrary, works to reduce the asymmetry through its shortwave radiation and latent heat flux components. The former is due to the nonlinear relationship between SST and cloud, while the latter is resulted mainly from Newtonian damping and air-sea stability effects. Changes in the SST skewness are also evaluated, with more enhanced negative SST skewness over the ETIO found for the cooling than heating scenarios due to the asymmetric thermocline-SST feedback. 相似文献
45.
利用构建的青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)转录组文库,筛选到青蛤IKK基因的类似序列。经设计引物克隆比对后确认为CsIKK基因。利用生物信息学软件在线对该基因进行结构分析。采用PCR技术克隆基因,并使用实时荧光定量PCR技术克隆得到CsIKK基因在青蛤五个不同组织中的表达情况及在鳗弧菌(Vibrioanguillarum)的刺激下IKK基因在青蛤血淋巴中的时序性表达情况。综合结果得到, CsIKK基因序列开放阅读框长2298bp,编码765个氨基酸。IKK基因在青蛤的血淋巴、外套膜、闭壳肌、肝脏、性腺和鳃六个组织中均表达,在血淋巴中表达量最高。青蛤IKK基因在鳗弧菌胁迫下表达量在6h时达到最大值,与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01),表明该基因所指导的蛋白是青蛤重要的免疫信号通路蛋白。 相似文献
46.
47.
Fredolin T. Tangang Changsui Xia Fangli Qiao Liew Juneng Feng Shan 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(9):1317-1328
A wave–tide–circulation coupled model based on Princeton Ocean Model is established to study the seasonal circulation in the
Malay Peninsula Eastern Continental Shelf region. The model successfully reconstructs the observed seasonal variation of the
circulation in the region, as well as the main currents. The simulated tidal harmonic constants, sea surface temperature,
and sea surface height anomaly agree with the observations well. The model results show that the upper-layer circulation in
the region is mainly controlled by the monsoon winds, while there are two transitions in spring and fall. An anti-cyclonic
eddy is present off the Peninsular Malaysia’s east coast in summer, centered at 5°N and 105.5°E, both in the TOPEX/Poseidon
data and in the model. Numerical experiments show that the wind stress curl and bathymetry steering are responsible for its
formation. 相似文献
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对天然闪锌矿进行了原位高温X射线衍射实验研究,结果表明:闪锌矿受热膨胀,27~675℃温度范围内其膨胀系数为25.61×10-6℃-1;随着温度的升高,在543℃时产生中间物相Zn3O(SO4)2,并分解产生红锌矿ZnO;在797℃时中间物相完全消失,同时出现尖晶石结构的ZnFe2O4;加热至1160℃时的产物为ZnO和ZnFe2O4。实验表明,天然闪锌矿的热改性可产生一定比例的红锌矿(ZnO),其与闪锌矿一起形成二元复合半导体。在光的激发下,该半导体体系产生的光生载流子由一种半导体注入另一种半导体,降低了光生电子-空穴对的复合几率,提高其光催化活性。本文的研究可为热改性提高天然闪锌矿光催化活性提供理论依据。 相似文献